Kolegij
Studiji
Medical Studies in EnglishStudijska godina
3ISVU ID
200680ECTS
1.5
OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE: This is an elective course designed to encounter students with open ionizing radiation sources available in nuclear medicine department (radionuclides, RN). Having in mind future general practitioners, the objective is to teach students about possible danger for people and our environment arising from ionizing (predominantly gamma) radiation, emphasizing the knowledge about the methods and rules of behaviour designed for protection of professionals, patients and environment and solving contamination incidents. Hybrid imaging (SPECT/CT, PET/CT) is introduced, with consequences regarding radiation protection. Preventive measures are discussed, including a handling and storage of radioactive waste. The legislature on radiation protection is presented. COURSE DESCRIPTION: The basic physics of ionizing radiation, radioactive decay, production of radionuclides, and specific RNs used in NM are studied. Interactions of ionization with matter, including persons and environment are discussed. A lecture is given on basic points in radiation dosimetry introducing absorbed, equivalent and effective doses, stochastic and deterministic biological effects on persons and population. Radionuclides used in nuclear medicine are demonstrated, their production (generator, cyclotrons), storage and clinical (diagnostic and therapeutic) use. Complexity of radiation exposure arising from hybrid imagining is mentioned. Methods and rules in radiation protection are being demonstrated in «hot laboratory», contamination and decontamination concept, specifically for persons, patients and environment. Legal international regulations are presented (“Basic safety standards” issued by IAEA and COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 2013/59/EURATOM), including effective dose limits for professionals and population. BASIC COMPETENCIES: A student should acquire knowledge that will enable him/her to estimate possible risks arising from the ionizing radiation used in routine diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in nuclear medicine. This is accomplished by understanding and using terms: absorbed, equivalent and effective dose. Radiation protection measures and procedures for solving or minimizing the consequences of accidental contamination of persons and environment should be adopted, which students may implement in their future professional work. SPECIFIC COMPETENCIES: As students are not allowed to handle radioactive sources (according to the radiation protection legislature), the education is limited to demonstration of work with RN and instructions on specific procedures (use of radiation detectors) in radiation protection. COURSE STRUCTURE: Lectures: 8 hours Seminars: 13 hours Practicals: 4 hours Total hours: 25 |
- Lectures, IAEA publication 2004 (Radiation, People and the Environment)
2. Fred A. Mettler Jr., and Milton J. Guiberteau. Essentials of Nuclear medicine and Molecular imaging, Seventh edition, 2019 by Elsevier, Inc. Chapters:1, 2, 4, 13.
OPTIONAL/ADDITIONAL READING:
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STUDENTS' OBLIGATIONS: The attendance at lectures, seminars and practicals is mandatory. If necessary, a student can be absent from 30% of the classes of the overall course workload, but has to make up for the practicals and seminars he/she failed to attend. Students’ obligation is active participation in all practicals and seminars. During the classes, students are required to prepare one seminar presentation (Power Point Presentation, max 7 slides) on the given seminar topic (S 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) and present it during seminars. After the class, the seminar presentation should be submitted as Power Point document in electronic form. Students are required to actively participate in discussion during seminars. Seminars will be evaluated. Successful completion of seminar is mandatory for taking final oral exam. If student does not satisfy, he/she will have the opportunity to repeat the presentation of the seminar paper. |
EVALUATION OF STUDENTS’ WORK: Students can obtain a total of 100 credits, half form seminar work, and half on oral exam.
On the final exam, which is worth 50 credits, a student must obtain at least 10 credits (sufficient grade).
Assessment of the seminar work and final (oral) exam:
The ECTS grading system is defined by the following criteria:
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Ishodi učenja
Understand the basics of nuclear physics and the term radionuclide. Explain radioactive decay and gamma radiation.
Ishodi učenja
Describe the interaction of radiation and matter. Explain the concept of radiation attenuation and the physical basis of radiation protection.
Ishodi učenja
Explain the concept of ionizing radiation and dosimetry. Understand D, H, E doses. Get to know "Basic safety standards", BSS. Understand the concept of the permissible limit of effective doses.
Ishodi učenja
Describe the biological effects of radiation on living organisms. Explain the terms stochastic and non-stochastic effects.
Ishodi učenja
Describe the consequences of exposure to ionizing radiation and measures for protection of patients from excessive radiation.
Ishodi učenja
Understand the role of radionuclides-99mTc and I-131 in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid diseases. Describe measures to protect people and the environment after radioiodine therapy.
Ishodi učenja
Explain and understand the concept of hybrid imaging diagnostics. Understand the role.
Ishodi učenja
Get to know the work in the "hot laboratory". Understand the working principle of the Mo-Tc generator. Name radiation detectors.
Ishodi učenja
Explain the term contamination, describe the decontamination procedure. Understand protective measures when working with radioactive patients.
Ishodi učenja
Explain the concept of ionizing radiation. Briefly describe the types of radioactive decay and explain the meaning of the half-life. Explain the interaction between ionizing radiation and tissue and basic units and quantities.
Ishodi učenja
Briefly explain radiation protection measures in PET scans, i.e. in positron emission tomography.
Ishodi učenja
Explain shortly radiation Exposure To Family Members Of Patients Treated With Iodine-131
Ishodi učenja
Briefly explain and describe ionizing radiation protection measures for personnel.
Ishodi učenja
Understand the basics of nuclear physics and the term radionuclide. Explain radioactive decay and gamma radiation.
Ishodi učenja
Describe the interaction of radiation and matter. Explain the concept of radiation attenuation and the physical basis of radiation protection.
Ishodi učenja
Explain the concept of ionizing radiation and dosimetry. Understand D, H, E doses. Get to know "Basic safety standards", BSS. Understand the concept of the permissible limit of effective doses.
Ishodi učenja
Describe the biological effects of radiation on living organisms. Explain the terms stochastic and non-stochastic effects.
Ishodi učenja
Describe the consequences of exposure to ionizing radiation and measures for protection of patients from excessive radiation.
Ishodi učenja
Understand the role of radionuclides-99mTc and I-131 in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid diseases. Describe measures to protect people and the environment after radioiodine therapy.
Ishodi učenja
Explain and understand the concept of hybrid imaging diagnostics. Understand the role.
Ishodi učenja
Get to know the work in the "hot laboratory". Understand the working principle of the Mo-Tc generator. Name radiation detectors.
Ishodi učenja
Explain the term contamination, describe the decontamination procedure. Understand protective measures when working with radioactive patients.
Ishodi učenja
Explain the concept of ionizing radiation. Briefly describe the types of radioactive decay and explain the meaning of the half-life. Explain the interaction between ionizing radiation and tissue and basic units and quantities.
Ishodi učenja
Briefly explain radiation protection measures in PET scans, i.e. in positron emission tomography.
Ishodi učenja
Explain shortly radiation Exposure To Family Members Of Patients Treated With Iodine-131
Ishodi učenja
Briefly explain and describe ionizing radiation protection measures for personnel.