Course
Study programs
Medical Studies in EnglishYear of study
1ISVU ID
176885ECTS
22
The course Anatomy is a compulsory course in the first year of the Integrated Undergraduate and Graduate University Study of Medicine in English. It consists of 56 hours of lectures, 40 hours of seminars, and 145 hours of practicals - overall 241 hours (22 ECTS).
Course objective
The basic aim of Anatomy is to provide the acquisition of knowledge about morphological and structural organization of the human body through the study of topographic and systematic anatomy. In detail, the course content encompasses the fundamentals of osteology, sindesmology, myology, as well as the basics of angiology and neurology. Additionally, the course covers the examination of bones, articulations, and muscles of the upper and lower limbs, as well of the head and trunk. Furthermore, detailed knowledge is elucidated regarding the topographical anatomy of various regions, such as the head and neck, including the regio temporalis, regio parotideomasseterica et retromandibular, regio palpebralis, regio faciei anterior (external nose, nasal cavity, and paranasal sinuses), fossa infratemporalis et pterygopalatina, cavum oris et trigonum submandibulare, trigonum caroticum, spatium parapharyngeum, regio colli media, regio colli lateralis, regio pectoralis et fossa axillaris, as well as the topographical anatomy of the upper limb (muscles, vessels, nerves, and lymph vessels), thorax, abdomen, lesser pelvis (including ventral abdominal wall and inguinal region, peritoneum and mesenteries, peritoneal cavity, extraperitoneal spaces, and the lesser pelvis), and the lower limb (muscles, vessels, nerves, and lymph vessels). In addition, the course covers the morphology of sensory organs, the spinal cord, spinal nerves, the brain, cranial nerves, brain vasculature, and meninges. Each student must obtain the skill in recognizing structures on the human cadaver specimen and the ability to use relevant anatomical nomenclature.
Course content:
General anatomy: basic principles of osteology, sindesmology, myology, angiology and neurology. Principles of organ structure. Structure and function of serous membranes. Anatomical nomenclature, main planes and axes in the body orientation.
Special anatomy: systemic and topographic anatomy of the upper and lower limb, cranium, head and neck, thorax, abdomen and pelvis. Morphology of the brain and spinal cord.
Course learning outcomes
I. Cognitive domain – knowledge
After having passed the Anatomy course, students should be able to:
1. define and choose adequate planes and axes for anatomical orientation
2. describe and explain the arrangement and position of organs in the body and their innervation and irrigation
3. describe, explain and connect general principles in the structure of organs with their function
4. describe and explain the systematic and topographical anatomy of the upper and lower extremities
5. define and explain the structure and relationships in the skeleton of the head
6. describe and explain the morphology of the central nervous system
7. define, describe and explain the systematic and topographical anatomy of the head and neck
8. describe and explain systematic and topographical anatomy of the chest, abdominal and pelvic cavity
9. demonstrate and self evaluate structures of human body on anatomical specimens
II. Psychomotor domain – skills
After having passed the Anatomy course, students should acquire the skills to identify and demonstrate anatomical structures on cadavers, as well as the ability to draw conclusions regarding the interrelationships of individual organs and structures within specific topographical regions.
Course design
For practicals and seminars, students are obliged to prepare in advance, because these parts of the course are designed as “flipped classrooms”. Seminars and practicals are designed to give students the opportunity to engage in the skillful articulation of anatomical structures, as well as to discuss the significance of anatomical knowledge within their future vocation as medical practitioners. Throughout the practical sessions, the instructor supervises and assesses the active involvement of students in carrying out the assigned exercises. Seminars demand dynamic discussions on the designated topics. During the course, knowledge is consistently evaluated through four periodic assessments (midterm exams), each comprising of a practical segment on specimens, as well as an oral component. The schedule and course content are predetermined by the curriculum.
Friedrich Paulsen, Tobias M. Böckers, Jens Waschke: Sobotta Anatomy Textbook, 1st Edition
Atlas of Anatomy (Sobotta or Gilroy)
1. Richard L. Drake, A. Wayne Vogl, Adam W.M. Mitchell: Gray's Anatomy, third edition
2. Kieth L. Moore: Clinically Oriented Anatomy, seventh edition, 2013.
1. Regular attendance at classes (lectures, seminars, practicals).
2. Preparation for seminars and practicals by studying certain teaching content according to the implementation curriculum.
3. Use of protective equipment and instruments: mandatory use of a protective coat (white), anatomical tweezers and probe, optional use of protective latex gloves, mask, visor, or protective glasses and cap. Please properly dispose of the used work equipment in the designated place. Do not bring food and drink into the anatomy classrooms.
4. Careful handling of anatomical specimens and spaces where all forms of teaching take place.
5. It is forbidden to take photographs, take specimens outside the premises of the Institute of Anatomy, and alienate anatomical specimens and instruments of the Anatomy Department. A disciplinary procedure will sanction any misconduct.
6. Adherence to good academic behavior practices in dealing with fellow students, staff, and the Department of Anatomy teachers.
7. It is compulsory to follow and act by notifications and rules regarding attendance, absence, midterm exams, corrections of midterm exams, final exams, etc., which will be presented at the first lecture.
Student grading will be conducted according to the current Ordinance on Studies of the University of Rijeka (approved by the Senate) and the Ordinance on Student Grading at the Faculty of Medicine in Rijeka(approved by the Faculty Council).
During the classes of Anatomy, a student can achieve a maximum of 50% (50 points) of their final grade, while the remaining 50% (50 points) of the grade is obtained at the final exam, as follows:
| Midterm exam I - MS/MI | 12 points |
| Midterm exam II - CR/CNS | 12 points |
| Midterm exam IV - CC | 13 points |
| Midterm exam V - AT | 13 points |
| Total (classes) | 50 points |
| Final exam | 50 points |
| Total (course) | 100 points |
Midterm exams consist of a practical and an oral part. The practical part is evaluating the knowledge of anatomical specimens, assessing the practical skills of finding and showing anatomical structures, as well as knowledge of the Latin nomenclature of anatomical structures. On a practical part, students must recognize at least 8 out of 10 structures to pass. The bone orientation is an obligatory practical question and can not be failed. Passing the practical part of the midterm is a prerequisite for joining the oral part of the midterm and is awarded with 2 points. On the oral part the student receives the points depending on the grade. If a student does not approach the oral part after completing the practical part, the midterm is marked as an insufficient (1).
Midterm exams are evaluated according to the table:
Practical part | Oral part | Toral pts. | |||
| Pts. | Grade | Pts. | |||
| MS/MI | Pass
Fail | 2
0 | Excellent (5) Very good (4) Good (3) Sufficient (2) Insufficient (1) | 10 8 6 4 0 | 12 10 8 6 0 |
| CR/CNS | Pass
Fail | 2
0 | Excellent (5) Very good (4) Good (3) Sufficient (2) Insufficient (1) | 10 8 6 4 0 | 12 10 8 6 0 |
| CC | Pass
Fail | 2
0 | Excellent (5) Very good (4) Good (3) Sufficient (2) Insufficient (1) | 11 8 6 4,5 0 | 13 10 8 6,5 0 |
| AT | Pass
Fail | 2
0 | Excellent (5) Very good (4) Good (3) Sufficient (2) Insufficient (1) | 11 8 6 4,5 0 | 13 10 8 6,5 0 |
The regular Midterm exams will be held on the dates noted below after ending of the corresponding section. The exact time and the venues will be announced later.
- MIDTERM 1 (upper and lower extremity) – 25/11/2025 and 27/11/2025
- MIDTERM 2 (cranium, CNS) – 27/01/2026 and 29/01/2026
- MIDTERM 3 (head and neck) – 14/04/2026 and 16/04/2026
- MIDTERM 4 (thorax, abdomen, and pelvis) – 02/06/2026
Corrections of the midterm exams
A student can attend the midterm exam twice, with the second attempt being considered a retake (correction). It is not obligatory to attend the midterm on the regular date. Students can access the corrections of the midterm exams if they did not pass them, or are not satisfied with the obtained grade (points). If a student retakes the midterm exam because they are unsatisfied with the obtained grade points, only the grade points received at the retaken midterm exam(s) will be considered valid. Suppose the student passes the practical part of the midterm exam during the first attempt and fails the oral part he/she can retake the oral part of the midterm separately, without redoing the practical part.
The dates of retake midterm exams are as follows:
20.02.2026., 27.02.2026., 11.06.2025., 25.06.2026. and 09.07.2025.
On these dates, students can apply for any midterm exam regardless of the topic and apply for more than one retake exam on each date. Students are obligated to apply for the correction/s of the midterm exams. Suppose students apply for the correction/s of the midterm exam and decide that they will not be able to access it. In that case, they must personally cancel it (via email or in-person at the Department's administrator's office) at the latest until one working day before the term of the midterm exam/s until noon. If a student does not personally cancel the application for the correction/s of the midterm exams, and then doesn't approach the midterm correction/s, their final score for that/those midterm exams will be considered as failure.
Academic honesty
It is expected that all students and teachers follow the code of academic honesty in accordance with the Code of Ethics for the students of the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Rijeka.
Consultations
Consultations are organized in agreement with the teacher.
Contact information
For all questions and concerns, students are encouraged to contact us by e-mail (mia.medic@medri.uniri.hr; juraj.arbanas@medri.uniri.hr) or personally.
Only students who have achieved at least 25 points during the course can take the final exam in Anatomy. Students with less than 25 points earned during the course must enroll in the course Anatomy again in the next academic year. If a student obtains 25 grade points during classes, but without passing one or more practical parts of midterm exams, he/she must approach the practical parts of those midterm exams during the final exam. In that case for the passing of the missing practical parts he/she will not be awarded with 2 points. Passing all practical parts is one of the prerequisites for taking the final exam. In case the student does not pass the practical during the final exam, the exam is graded as insufficient. The final exam is oral.
The final exam is evaluated according to the scheme:
| Grade | Points |
| Excellent (5) | 50 |
| Very good (4) | 41 |
| Good (3) | 33 |
| Sufficient (2) | 25 |
The final grade consists of the sum of points gained during the course and at the final oral exam. Grading within the ECTS grading system is carried out with an absolute distribution, i.e. based on the final achievement:
A – 90 - 100% EXCELLENT (5)
B – 75 - 89,9% VERY GOOD (4)
C – 60 – 74,9% GOOD (3)
D -- 50 - 59,9% SUFFICIENT (2)
| Final exam dates | |
| 1. | 19.06.2026. |
| 2. | 03.07.2026. |
| 3. | 17.07.2026. |
| 4. | 04.09.2026. |
| 5. | 18.09.2026. |
Learning outcomes
Define anatomy as a science. Define subdivisions of the anatomy. Define regional and systemic anatomy.
Learning outcomes
Explain the standard anatomical position, anatomical planes, axses and terms for location and orientation.
Learning outcomes
Define syndesmology as an anatomical discipline. Define the types of junctions between skeletal elements. Explain the division of synarthroses: syndesmoses, synchodroses, synostoses.
Learning outcomes
Explayn division of diarthroses. Describe characteristical features, obligatory and accessory structures of true joints.
Learning outcomes
Define myology as an anatomical discipline. Define smooth, cardiac, and skeletal muscle. Define and describe skeletal muscles according to the shape and number of tendons. Describe the structure of skeletal muscle: perimysium, endomysium, epimysium. Define tendons and muscle belly. Describe the role, structure, and function of tendons. Describe and define the attachments (origin, insertion) of muscles.
Learning outcomes
Divide the types of skeletal muscles. Define the auxiliary structure of the muscles, i.e. the connective sheath or fascia. Describe the osteomuscular lodges. Describe the muscle and tendon spindle. Describe the innervation of the muscles.
Learning outcomes
Define the nervous system. Define functional and morphological divisions of the nervous system. Define the peripheral nervous system and describe the structures that make it up: nerves and ganglia. Describe neuron. Describe the composition of the nervous tissue. Describe spinal nerve.
Learning outcomes
Define the nervous system. Define functional and morphological divisions of the nervous system. Define the peripheral nervous system and describe the structures that make it up: nerves and ganglia. Describe neuron. Describe the composition of the nervous tissue. Describe spinal nerve.
Learning outcomes
Define angiology as an anatomical discipline. Explain the structure and anatomical characteristics of blood vessels. Describe the small and large blood circulation. Outline the main arteries and veins. Describe lymphatic vessels and nodes. Describe the lymphatic organs.
Learning outcomes
Describe the trigonum clavipectorale, axillary cavity, spaces and triceps groove, elbow (fossa cubitalis), carpal tunnel, and GUYON’s canal.
Learning outcomes
Describe and name the bones that make up the knee joint, describe the parts of the joints, learn the anatomical nomenclature for joint structures, describe the movements performed in the joint, and determine the axes of the movement and the plane in which it is performed.
Learning outcomes
Describe mechanics of the hip joint. Analyze the function of the muscles involved in the ovement of the hip joint.
Learning outcomes
Describe plexus lubalis and plexus sacralis. Explain the course and area of innervation of the peripheral nerves of the lower extremity.
Learning outcomes
Describe the walls of the orbit, nosal, and oral cavity. Explain the relationships and communications of the cavities with other spaces of the head. Describe the paranasal sinuses and their connection with the nasal cavity.
Learning outcomes
Describe the spine as a whole. Describe and define individual groups of vertebrae and their characteristics. Describe and state the types of joints between the vertebrae and describe the mobility of individual sections of the spine. Describe the joints of the spine and the junction of the base of the skull with the spine. Define and describe the curves of the spine.
Learning outcomes
Describe and define the division and structure of the central nervous system. Describe the nerve cell, types of nerve cells, and supporting cells.
Learning outcomes
Describe and define the division and structure of the central nervous system. Describe the nerve cell, types of nerve cells, and supporting cells. Define a nerve and state the division. Define and explain the autonomic nervous system and its centers.
Learning outcomes
Describe the development and division of the brain. Describe the parts of the brain. A brief overview of cranial nerves with reference to their functional division, nuclei, and outlets.
Learning outcomes
Briefly describe the cerebrum, divide it into basic parts, and indicate their location.
Learning outcomes
Describe the chamber system, parts, walls, and communications. Describe the circulation of the cerebrospinal fluid.
Learning outcomes
Describe the anatomical boundaries of the head and neck. Describe the location, interrelationship, and boundaries between the topographic regions of the head and neck. Describe the neck fascia and its leaves and the lodges closed by the leaves of the fascia.
Learning outcomes
Describe the boundaries and contents of the trigonum caroticum. Describe the common carotid artery and its branches. Describe IX. cranial nerve.
Learning outcomes
Describe the principles of sensory, motor, and parasympathetic innervation of the head and neck organs. Describe the innervation of the facial skin. Describe n. trigeminus from the exit, its path, and relations to the surrounding structures. Describe the division of the nerve into three main branches.
Learning outcomes
Describe n. trigeminus from the exit, its path, and relations to the surrounding structures. Describe the division of the nerve into three main branches. Describe each branch of n. trigeminus, the area of its extension and innervation.
Learning outcomes
Outline the arteries and veins of the head and neck. Area of provision and irrigation. Describe maxillaris and subclavian arteries, their branches, area of supply, and irrigation.
Learning outcomes
Describe the deep and subcutaneous veins of the head and neck. Describe the internal jugular vein and the subclavian vein, their supply area, tributaries, and drainage area.
Learning outcomes
Define splanchnology as an anatomical discipline. Clearly show the position and communications of the visceral organs of the head and neck. Describe the principles of structure of hollow and parenchymatous organs.
Learning outcomes
Describe and name lymphatic vessels and regional lymph nodes. Define the area of lymph drainage for individual organs of the head and neck. Describe the tonsils that participate in the construction of Waldejer's lymphatic ring.
Learning outcomes
Show and describe the wall of the larynx, the communication openings, and the division of the cavity of the larynx. Describe the anatomical structures that participate in the construction of the larynx walls. Describe the motor, sensory and autonomic innervation of the larynx. Describe the mechanism of voice production and explain the function of the larynx muscles in voice production.
Learning outcomes
Describe n. vagus from the exit, its path, and relations to the surrounding structures. Describe the core n. vagus. Describe each branch of n. vagus and the area of its innervation.
Learning outcomes
Describe the bony labyrinth. Describe the membranous labyrinth. Identify the sensory surfaces of the membranous labyrinth and describe their position.
Learning outcomes
Describe the position and parts of the facial canal. Describe the relationship of the channel with the surrounding structures. List and explain the role of the intrapetrous branches of the facial nerve. Define and explain the position and role of the statoacoustic nerve. Describe nVIII nuclei.
Learning outcomes
Describe the shape and parts of the eye membranes: outer eye membrane and its parts (sclera and cornea), middle eye membrane and its parts (choroid, ciliary body, and iris).
Learning outcomes
Describe the shape and parts of the eye membranes: inner eye membrane (pigment layer and retina). Explain the significance and function of the smooth muscles of the iris and the ray body. Define the content of the eyeball. Describe the production, flow, and drainage of aqueous humor from the eyeball
Learning outcomes
Describe the external shape and the external and internal borders of the trunk according to the adjacent parts of the body. Divide the body cavities into thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities, and describe the boundaries between them. Describe the serous membrane, and its sheets (parietal, visceral, and mesentery), and state the role of the serous membrane in organ fixation and its irrigation and innervation. Describe lungs and pleural cavities.
Learning outcomes
Describe the external shape and the external and internal borders of the trunk according to the adjacent parts of the body. Divide the body cavities into thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities, and describe the boundaries between them. Describe the serous membrane, and its sheets (parietal, visceral, and mesentery), and state the role of the serous membrane in organ fixation and its irrigation and innervation. Describe lungs and pleural cavities.
Learning outcomes
Describe the cardiac cavities and orifices, the flow of blood through the heart cavities and the mechanisms of opening and closing the heart valves using the valves.
Learning outcomes
Describe the cardiac cavities and orifices, the flow of blood through the heart cavities and the mechanisms of opening and closing the heart valves using the valves.
Learning outcomes
Describe the external shape and the external and internal borders of the abdomen according to the adjacent parts of the body. Define the abdominal cavity division into the peritoneal cavity and extraperitoneal spaces. Describe the peritoneum and its layers (parietal, visceral and mesentery). Describe the embryonic development of the organs in the abdominal cavity. Explain the main changes that take place in the process of development and the consequences that lead to the definitive placement of the organs in the peritoneal cavity.
Learning outcomes
Describe the external shape and the external and internal borders of the abdomen according to the adjacent parts of the body. Define the abdominal cavity division into the peritoneal cavity and extraperitoneal spaces. Describe the peritoneum and its layers (parietal, visceral and mesentery). Describe the embryonic development of the organs in the abdominal cavity. Explain the main changes that take place in the process of development and the consequences that lead to the definitive placement of the organs in the peritoneal cavity.
Learning outcomes
Describe the posterior abdominal wall, describe and define reteoperitoneal space and content of the space. Describe abdominal aorta and vena cava inferior.
Learning outcomes
Describe the posterior abdominal wall, describe and define reteoperitoneal space and content of the space. Describe abdominal aorta and vena cava inferior.
Learning outcomes
Describe the skeletal elements of the pelvic cavity, their joints and muscles. Describe the pelvic floor muscles. Describe the external and internal diameters of the pelvic cavity with special reference to the shape of the pelvic cavity in women. Describe the irrigation and lymphatic drainage of the walls and contents of the pelvis.
Learning outcomes
Describe the skeletal elements of the pelvic cavity, their joints and muscles. Describe the pelvic floor muscles. Describe the external and internal diameters of the pelvic cavity with special reference to the shape of the pelvic cavity in women. Describe the irrigation and lymphatic drainage of the walls and contents of the pelvis.
Learning outcomes
Describe and explain sympathetic trunks, preganglionic and postganglionic sympathetic fibres and visceral afferent fibres, splanchnic nerves, abdominal prevertebral plexus, parasympathetic innervation and the enteric system.
Learning outcomes
Describe and explain sympathetic trunks, preganglionic and postganglionic sympathetic fibres and visceral afferent fibres, splanchnic nerves, abdominal prevertebral plexus, parasympathetic innervation and the enteric system.
Learning outcomes
Students will orientate and describe bones, describe specific parts of bones and show each bone structure.
Learning outcomes
Orientate and describe bones, describe specific parts of bones and show each bone structure.
Learning outcomes
Students will describe the joint, its movement and function, articular surfaces, joint capsule, and joint accessories.
Learning outcomes
Students will describe the joint, its movement, and function, articular surfaces, joint capsule, and joint accessories.
Learning outcomes
Describe the origin, insertin, and function of muscles. Note which joints the muscles cross and describe movements in these joints.
Learning outcomes
Describe the origin, insertion and function of muscles. Note which joints the muscles cross and describe movements in these joints.
Learning outcomes
Define the origin of each blood vessel, its path, branches, topography, and irrigation area. Describe lymphatics of the upper limb and their drainage point. Describe the trigonum clavipectorale, axillary cavity, spaces and triceps groove, elbow (fossa cubitalis), carpal tunnel, and GUYON’s canal.
Learning outcomes
Describe the pelvis and thigh bone and show each bone structure. Describe the tibia, fibula, talus and calcaneus, main characteristics of metatarsal bones and phalanges and show each bone structure.
Learning outcomes
Describe the joint, its movement and function, articular surfaces, the joint capsule (synovial and fibrous membrane) and joint accessories. Show each joint structure.
Learning outcomes
Describe the origin, attachment and function of muscles. Define joints the muscles cross and describe movements in these joints.
Learning outcomes
Describe the origin, attachment and function of muscles. Define which joints the muscles cross and describe movements in these joints.
Learning outcomes
Define the origin of each blood vessel, its path, branches, topography and irrigation area. Describe the fascia of the lower limb and the saphenous opening. Describe structures in the lacuna musculorum and lacuna vasorum, femoral triangle and adductor canal, gluteal region and the popliteal fossa. Describe the main points of surface anatomy of the lower limb.
Learning outcomes
Show, name and describe the bones that construct the inner surface of the base of the skull. Show the borders between the front, middle, and back cranial fossa. For each cranial fossa, show and describe the bones and parts of the bones that participate in the construction of the specific fossa. Show the communication openings and determine the cavities or regions they communicate with. Describe and show the bones or parts of bones that participate in the construction of the skull roof or calvary.
Learning outcomes
Show, name, and describe the bones that construct the outer surface of the base of the skull. Show the borders between the frontal, middle, and rear sectionss of the external skull base. For each section, show and describe the bones and parts of the bones that participate in its construction. Show the communication openings and determine the cavities or regions they communicate with.
Learning outcomes
Describe the bony structures of the orbital, nasal, and oral cavities. Show the major points of penetration, foramina, fissures, and impressions.
Learning outcomes
Describe the bony walls and communications of the lateral parts of the skull (fossa infratemporalis, fossa pterygopalatina, fossa temporalis). Describe the parts of the maxilla and mandible. Describe teeth, and parts of teeth, recognize and name teeth, classify them, and name tooth surfaces. Describe the primary and permanent dentition.
Learning outcomes
Show and describe the external shape of the spinal cord. Show and describe the spinal nerves. Show and describe the external shape, parts, and internal structure of the cerebellum. Show and describe the external form of the medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain. Show the fourth chamber and describe its walls.
Learning outcomes
Show the external structure of the distinct parts of diencephalon as well as name some of the nuclei of the distinct parts of diencephalon.
Learning outcomes
Show and describe the outer shape of the hindbrain. Show the lateral chamber and describe its walls.
Learning outcomes
Repetition of central nervous system morphology. Integration of knowledge on cranial nerves with skull base openings and regions of the head.
Learning outcomes
Show and describe the boundaries of the region, the content of the region, and communications with neighboring regions.
Learning outcomes
Show and describe the outer hard and soft brain and meninges. Show and name the blood vessels that irrigate the brain (a. carotis interna and branches and a. vertebralis and branches) and the spinal cord.
Learning outcomes
Show and describe the boundaries of the region, the content of the region and communications with neighboring areas. Describe the mandible's temporomandibular joint and movements, and explain the origin, insertion, innervation, and function of the masseter and pterygoid muscles.
Learning outcomes
Show and describe the boundaries of the region, the content of the region, and communications with neighboring regions.
Learning outcomes
Show and describe the boundaries of the region, the content of the region and communications with neighboring regions.
Learning outcomes
Show and describe the boundaries of the region, the content of the region, and communications with neighboring regions. Explain and define back musculature. Show superficial back muscles. Describe innervations and irrigation of back muscles.
Learning outcomes
Define the walls of the oral cavity, the communication openings and the division of the cavity. Describe the anatomical structures that parcipate in the construction of the walls of the oral cavity. Describe motor, sensory and autonomic innervation of the walls. Show and describe the tongue and its structures. Explain and describe salivary glands and their openings in the oral cavity.
Learning outcomes
Show the walls of the pharynx, the communication openings and the division of the cavity. Describe the anatomical structures that participate in the construction of the pharynx walls. Describe the motor, sensory and autonomic innervation of the pharynx walls.
Learning outcomes
Show and describe the walls of the nasal cavity, the communication openings and the division of the cavity. Describe the anatomical structures that participate in building the walls of the nasal cavity. Describe the sensory and autonomic innervations of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity. Describe and show the position of the paranasal cavities and show the communicating drainage openings into the nasal cavity. Explain n. olfactorius.
Learning Outcomes for the Course "Anatomy"
Define the basic structure and function of the nose
- Students will be able to identify and describe the fundamental structures and functional aspects of the external part of the nose.
Analyze the anatomical organization of nasal cavities
- Students will be able to deconstruct and explain the structural complexity and significance of nasal cavities in the context of the overall respiratory system.
Understand the role, position, and function of the paranasal sinuses
- Students will be able to explain the physiological functions of the paranasal sinuses and their connection with the nasal cavities.
Identify and describe the vascular, lymphatic, and nervous systems of the nose
- Students will be able to recognize and anatomically locate the vascular, lymphatic, and nervous networks that supply the nose.
Explain the significance and pathways of the olfactory nerve
- Students will develop the ability to narrate and explain the anatomical pathways and function of the cranial nerve responsible for the sense of smell.
Learning outcomes
Identify and describe the larynx, and define the composition of the larynx. Describe laryngeal cartilages, ligaments, and joints. Explain the cavity of the larynx, origin, insertion, innervation and function of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx. Understand the function of the larynx during respiration, phonation, effort closure and swallowing. Explain irrigation, lymphatic drainage and innervation of the larynx. identify and describe thyroid and parathyroid glands.
Learning outcomes
Show and describe the upper and lower eyelids. Describe the conjunctive. Show and describe the structures of the lacrimal apparatus. Show and describe the external muscles of the eyeball, describe their function and innervation. Show the blood vessels and nerves of the orbit.
Learning outcomes
Learning outcomes:
Identify the basic anatomical structures of the head and neck using the anatomical model.
Participants will be able to recognize and mark key anatomical structures on the head and neck model, developing a fundamental understanding of anatomical relationships.
Explain the functional relationships between anatomical structures.
Students will be able to describe how individual parts of the head and neck function together, emphasizing their role in the overall system of the body.
Apply acquired knowledge in identifying topographic features of the head and neck.
Students will use their knowledge of anatomical structures and their positions to recognize and illustrate topographic characteristics.
Analyze potential clinical scenarios related to the head and neck.
Through the analysis of practical cases, students will be capable of identifying and critically evaluating clinical situations related to the anatomy of the head and neck.
Evaluate the importance of topographic understanding for medical practice.
Students will be able to appraise how crucial the knowledge of topographic features is for accurate diagnosis and treatment in medical practice.
Learning outcomes
Define head and neck organs and regions and their relationships. Explain the content of each region. Describe the pathway of blood vessels and nerves regarding the regions and topography.
Learning outcomes
Describe the pectoral region and show the boundaries and contents of this region. Explain the breast and the function of the muscles of the pectoral region as well as recognize these muscles and show their origin and attachments to bones. Define and describe the ribs, and the sternum. Explain the movement and function of the intercostal joints. Explain and describe the attachment and function of the diaphragm and muscles of the thoracic wall.
Learning outcomes
Describe the lung and show structures entering the hilum of the lung. Define the topography of the lungs, and branching of the bronchial tree. Define irrigation of lungs.
Learning outcomes
Describe the inner and outer surface of the heart, and explain the wall layers of the heart. describe and explain the pericardial sac. Describe the location, structure and function of the heart skeleton. Explain the structure, function and projection of the heart valves.
Learning outcomes
Define the superior mediastinum and its contents. Recognize and show the pulmonary trunk and ascending aorta. Describe the thymus, right and left brachiocephalic veins, superior vena cava, and arch of the aorta. Explain and describe the topography and irrigation of those blood vessels. Identify and explain vagus and phrenic nerves, their path, branches and innervation area. Describe and explain posterior mediastinum and its contents esophagus, thoracic aorta, azygos system of veins, thoracic duct and sympathetic trunk.
Learning outcomes
Describe and demonstrate the muscles, vessels and nerves of the abdominal wall. Describe and demonstrate the position and content of the inguinal canal. Describe the structures of funiculus spermaticus.
Learning outcomes
Describe and demonstrate the structure, morphology and topography of the stomach, small and large intestine.
Learning outcomes
Describe and demonstrate the structure, morphology and topography of the liver, gallbladder, pancreas and spleen.
Learning outcomes
Explain and demonstrate the muscles, vessels and nerves of the posterior abdominal wall. Describe and demonstrate the position and branches of the abdominal aorta as well the structure, morphology, and topography of the kidney, ureter and suprarenal glands.
Learning outcomes
Explain and describe the structure, morphology and topography of the rectum, bladder and urethra.
Learning outcomes
Explain and demonstrate, name and describe the structure, and parts of male internal genital organs.
Learning outcomes
Define general concepts of bone structure and function and name the parts of bones. Describe the specific types of bones.
Learning outcomes
Define the types of joints based on the number of movement axses, number of articulating skeletal elements, shape of the joint surfaces (spherical, cylindrical, ellipsoid...). Describe range of motion and types of movements. Describe joint surfaces, joint type, and movements in the shoulder joint.
Learning outcomes
Define the role that muscles play in the locomotor apparatus. Explain the function of the muscles in the joint. Define contraction. Describe the terms agonist, antagonist, and synergist.
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Analyze the composition of plexus brachialis for innervation of the upper extremitiy, roots, branches, composition of nerve fibers, and innervation area.
Learning outcomes
Describe the course and location of lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes of the upper and lower extremity. (Pg. 191-192, 245-246)
Learning outcomes
Analyze the bones that make up the cerebral part of the skull. Describe the shape, basic features, main parts, and morphological characteristics of the frontal, sphenoid, temporal, and occipital bones. Describe the cavum tympani, define the shape of the space, and list the walls and their position. Describe the canals of the temporal bone.
Learning outcomes
Show, name, and describe the parts of the mandible. Describe the jaw joint (art. temporomandibularis). Show, name, and describe the differently shaped teeth (incisors, canines, premolars, and molars) of the permanent dentition. Describe the deciduous dentition. Outline and describe the muscles of mastication, and state their insertions and function.
Learning outcomes
Describe the deep gray matter of the brain stem - the nuclei of the brain nerves. Divide the nuclei into sensory, motor, and parasympathetic.
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Describe the hemisphere, gray, and white matter. Enumerate the convolutions of the cerebrum. Name the deep gray masses of the hemispheres. Describe the telencephalon medium.
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Describe the ventricles of the brain. Describe the communication between the ventricles and the subarachnoid space and the circulation of the cerebrospinal fluid.
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Describe the nuclei in the brain stem, the types of fibers, the area of innervation, and the course and branching of the nerves for the innervation of the head and neck: nn. craniales (n. IX, n. X, n. XI, n. XII), and describe the cervical part of the truncus sympathicus.
Learning outcomes
Describe the nuclei in the brain stem, the types of fibers, the area of innervation, and the course and branching of the nerves for the innervation of the head and neck: nn. craniales (n. III, n.V-1, n.VII), and describe the parasympathetic ganglia of the head and neck, name their preganglionic and postganglionic fibers as well as the area of innervation.
Learning outcomes
Describe n. vagus from the exit, its path, and relations to the surrounding structures. Describe the core n. vagus. Describe each branch of n. vagus and the area of its innervation.
Learning outcomes
Describe the parts of the external ear: pinna and ear canal and parts of the middle ear: eardrum, auditory ossicles and joints, mastoid cavities, and Eustachian tube. Discuss the sensory innervation of the skin and mucous membrane of the outer and middle ear and the motor innervation of the stapedius and tensor tympani muscles.
Learning outcomes
Describe the eyelids, lacrimal apparatus, and eye muscles. Describe the nuclei in the brain stem, the types of fibers, the area of innervation, and the course and branching of the nerves of the orbit: n. II, n. III, n. IV and n. YOU. Describe the origin, course, collateral, and terminal branches of the a. ophthalmica. Describe the origin, course, and anastomoses of v. ophthalmicae superior.
Learning outcomes
Describe coronary vasculature, cardiac veins and coronary lymphatics as well as recognize and show the right coronary artery, left coronary artery and coronary sinus. Explain and describe the cardiac plexus. Define margins of the heart and heart sounds. Describe pericardium.
Learning outcomes
Describe the abdominal wall and peritoneal cavity. Define and describe the location of abdominal organs and their surface anatomy. Explain the development of the abdominal viscera. Describe the serous membrane and its main parts.
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Describe the blood and lymphatic vessels of the abdominal cavity. Define the area of irrigation of individual organs of the abdominal cavity.
Learning outcomes
Define the organs that form the female reproductive system. Describe the shape and structure of the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus and birth canal.
Learning outcomes
Define the organs that form the male reproductive system. Describe the shape and structure of the testicles, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate and ejaculatory tubes.
| Academic year | |
|---|---|
| 2025/2026 | Preuzimanje |